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Timeline of the American Revolution

1765

John AdamsJohn Adams, Patrick HenryPatrick Henry, Paul ReverePaul Revere, and Mercy Otis WarrenMercy Otis Warren notably oppose the Stamp Act

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson serves as a delegate to the Stamp Act Congress

1767

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson publishes Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson admitted to the Virginia bar

1768

John JayJohn Jay begins practicing law

1769

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses

1770

Paul ReverePaul Revere witnesses the Boston Massacre and engraves a famous depiction of the event

John AdamsJohn Adams gains prominence for defending British soldiers charged after the Boston Massacre

1774

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene helps organize a local militia unit

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes writes Liberty Further Extended

Thomas PaineThomas Paine immigrates to America

1775

AgwalongdongwasAgwalongdongwas begins making partnerships with patriot allies and works to secure Oneida support

Patrick HenryPatrick Henry warns that liberty cannot be preserved through moderation alone

George WashingtonGeorge Washington appointed commander-in-chief of the Continental Army

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson, Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin, Patrick HenryPatrick Henry, John JayJohn Jay, Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson, James MadisonJames Madison, and George WashingtonGeorge Washington serve as delegates to the Second Continental Congress

Paul ReverePaul Revere's midnight ride warns leaders in Lexington and Concord that British troops were marching to seize stockpiled weapons

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene appointed brigadier general in Rhode Island Army and participates in siege of Boston after Battles of Lexington and Concord

Mercy Otis WarrenMercy Otis Warren begins writing plays and pamphlets satirizing British policies

1776

Thomas PaineThomas Paine publishes Common Sense

Abigail AdamsAbigail Adams presses John AdamsJohn Adams to "remember the ladies"

Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin arrives in France as a diplomat

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson drafts the Declaration of Independence

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson abstains from signing the Declaration of Independence but helps draft the Articles of Confederation

George WashingtonGeorge Washington crosses the Delaware River and leads the Army to victory at the Battle of Trenton

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene promoted to major general in the Continental Army and plays key role in Battles of Harlem Heights and Trenton

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton fights in the Battle of Long Island

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes enlists in the Continental Army

Patrick HenryPatrick Henry elected first governor of Virginia and goes on to serve three consecutive one-year terms

John JayJohn Jay helps draft the New York Constitution while James MadisonJames Madison helps draft the Virginia Constitution

Thaddeus KosciuszkoThaddeus Kosciuszko arrives in Philadelphia, offers services to Continental Congress, and appointed colonel of engineers in the Continental Army

Esther DeBerdt ReedEsther DeBerdt Reed organizes the Ladies Association of Philadelphia

Paul ReverePaul Revere supervises foundries and manufacturing of cannons and other supplies for Massachusetts

1777

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez appointed governor of Spanish Louisiana

CornplanterCornplanter emerges as war chief of the Seneca and participates in campaigns alongside the British

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene fights in the Battle of Princeton and commands troops in the Battle of Germantown

George WashingtonGeorge Washington winters at Valley Forge

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton appointed aide-de-camp and military secretary to George WashingtonGeorge Washington and plays central role in coordinating Continental Army strategy

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes present at the Battle of Bemis Heights

Thaddeus KosciuszkoThaddeus Kosciuszko designs and strengthens fortifications at Saratoga

Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette appointed major general in the Continental Army, wounded at Battle of Brandywine, and serves at Valley Forge

Thomas PaineThomas Paine continues to write essays supporting independence and civil liberties

Esther DeBerdt ReedEsther DeBerdt Reed writes The Sentiments of an American Woman

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben arrives in Philadelphia and assigned inspector general of the Continental Army

1778

John AdamsJohn Adams sent by Congress to France and the Netherlands to secure loans and diplomatic recognition

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben standardizes drills, organizes the Army, and writes a training manual

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes discharged from military service

John JayJohn Jay elected president of the Continental Congress

Thaddeus KosciuszkoThaddeus Kosciuszko supervises construction of fortifications at West Point along the Hudson River

1779

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez begins to lead military operations against British forts along the Mississippi River and Gulf Coast

CornplanterCornplanter participates in the Sullivan Expedition, an American campaign against Iroquois nations allied with the British

John JayJohn Jay appointed minister to Spain

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson serves as governor of Virginia

Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette returns to France to secure more French military support

Deborah SampsonDeborah Sampson works as a teacher and seamstress in Sharon, Massachusetts

1780

AgwalongdongwasAgwalongdongwas taken prisoner at Fort Niagara while on diplomatic mission and held by the British for several years

John AdamsJohn Adams drafts much of the Massachusetts Constitution, a model for the U.S. Constitution

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene assumes command of the Southern Department

Esther DeBerdt ReedEsther DeBerdt Reed co-founds the Ladies Association of Philadelphia

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez captures Mobile from the British

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes licensed to preach in the Congregational Church

1781

James ArmisteadJames Armistead shares intelligence that proves crucial during the Siege of Yorktown

Elizabeth FreemanElizabeth Freeman sues for her freedom

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson elected president (governor) of Delaware

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez defeats British forces at Pensacola and secures West Florida for Spain

Nathanael GreeneNathanael Greene conducts campaign to reclaim South Carolina and fights in the Battle of Eutaw Springs, one of the last major battles in the South

Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette conducts campaign in Virginia to contain British and coordinates with George WashingtonGeorge Washington and French forces during the Siege of Yorktown

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben plays a key role in preparing troops leading up to the Siege of Yorktown

George WashingtonGeorge Washington directs the Siege of Yorktown, leading to British surrender

1782

Deborah SampsonDeborah Sampson disguises herself as a man to serve in the Continental Army

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson elected president of the executive supreme council (governor) of Pennsylvania

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton advocates for stronger national government in Continental Congress

John JayJohn Jay joins Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin in Paris to negotiate peace

1783

John AdamsJohn Adams, Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin, and John JayJohn Jay help secure the Treaty of Paris

James ArmisteadJames Armistead returned to enslavement

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez promoted to captain general of Cuba and Florida

Thaddeus KosciuszkoThaddeus Kosciuszko promoted to brigadier general

Deborah SampsonDeborah Sampson discovered as a woman while being treated for an illness, thus ending her military service

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben promoted to major general

George WashingtonGeorge Washington returns to private life at Mount Vernon

1784

AgwalongdongwasAgwalongdongwas released by the British and resumes his leadership role within the Oneida nation

Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette writes a testimonial about James ArmisteadJames Armistead's service

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben settles in New York and continues to advise on military issues

1785

John AdamsJohn Adams serves as U.S. minister to Great Britain

Bernardo de GálvezBernardo de Gálvez appointed viceroy of New Spain (Mexico)

Lemuel HaynesLemuel Haynes becomes one of the first Black ordained ministers in the U.S.

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson appointed U.S. minister to France

1786

James MadisonJames Madison calls for stronger federal government at the Annapolis Convention

1787

James ArmisteadJames Armistead is granted freedom by the Virginia General Assembly

John DickinsonJohn Dickinson, Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin, Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton, and James MadisonJames Madison participate in the Constitutional Convention, over which George WashingtonGeorge Washington presides

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton, John JayJohn Jay, and James MadisonJames Madison co-author the Federalist Papers

1788

Patrick HenryPatrick Henry argues strongly against ratifying the U.S. Constitution without a bill of rights

1789

George WashingtonGeorge Washington begins his term as the first president of the United States

John AdamsJohn Adams begins his term as the first vice president of the United States

CornplanterCornplanter engages in additional treaty conferences, helping shape land and peace settlements

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton appointed first secretary of the Treasury

John JayJohn Jay appointed first chief justice of the United States

1790

CornplanterCornplanter delivers a speech in Pennsylvania advocating for his people's rights

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton establishes the federal financial system

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson becomes first secretary of state

1791

Thomas PaineThomas Paine publishes Rights of Man, critiquing monarchy

1793

Thomas PaineThomas Paine imprisoned in France during the Reign of Terror

1795

John JayJohn Jay selected governor of New York

1797

John AdamsJohn Adams inaugurated as second U.S. president as George WashingtonGeorge Washington completes his term and retires

CornplanterCornplanter writes to George WashingtonGeorge Washington about Seneca lands and rights

1801

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson inaugurated as third U.S. president

1802

Deborah SampsonDeborah Sampson asks Congress for a military pension

1805

Mercy Otis WarrenMercy Otis Warren publishes History of the Rise, Progress and Termination of the American Revolution

Figures of the American Revolution

Meet 25 individuals who played pivotal roles during the American Revolution. Listen to their stories, explore their actions, and encounter the artists who painted their portraits in this commemorative stamp issuance.